TRANSNATIONAL TERRORISM

by Sealeb DeNataCruz

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TRANSNATIONAL TERRORISMWhat is Transnational Terrorism?Examples of Transnational Terrorism ActsState AgentsPlanting of bomb on South Korea's airline by North Korea.Bombing of US airliner over UK by Libyan agents.Non-State OrganisationSarin gas attacks on Tokyo train system by Aum Shinrikyo.Assassination of Indian Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi.Transnational Terrorist GroupsInternational membershipTarget international communityAim to bring regional/global political and social changes.International Peace & Security being threatenedUnlawful use of force/indiscriminate violence by internationally-linked groups against persons & properties in a different parts of the world. Impacts of transnational terrorismSocial ImpactTerrorism may create tension among different racial groupsThe Community Engagement Programme was launched by Prime Minister Lee Hsien LoongTo maintain social cohesion and harmony in Singapore in case a crisis happensTo bring Singaporeans together, to strengthen their bonds to help deal with potential communion tensions after an incident Economic ImpactUSTotal loss of life and property cost insurance companies about US$40 billionAirline industry lost a lot of business because many people were afraid of dyingUS government have to step in to provide economic help so that the airline compnies would not close downSO WHATIndonesiaEconomic impact in Bali was more severeTheir main source of income was tourismBecause of the terrorism, tourist arrivals fell by more than 50%THEN?Balinese lost their livelihoodIndonesian government pressured to relieve economic hardshipsWhat government didGovernment spending increasedThey deployed more police troops to guard airports, embassies and other sensitive installationsThey spent a lot of money in holding exercises to ensure that emergency services and citizens know what to do in case of a terrorist attack MONEY ONLYPolitical ImpactGovernment have to keep citizens safeThey have to tighten various controls such as stepping up border securityThese measures involve greater checksThus slowing down immigration clearanceCritics argue that these measures infringe on their freedom and privacyTransnational terrorism threat has generated much debate on the 'trade-off' between security and freedomAl-Qaedait is an organisation which created by Osama bin Ladenattacks carried out by al-qaeda network are designed to inflict maximum casualtiesin response to september11 attacks , the US declared a global war on terrorismit includes multi-national scattered all over the worldManagement of transnational terrorismASEANASEAN is also carrying out training programmes and projects in counter terrorism in 2003, including on psychological operation/psychological warfare courses for law enforcement authorities and on intelligence procuring. Courses on bomb/explosive detection, post-blast investigation, airport security and passport/document security and inspection are also planned. In addition, ASEAN focal points on counter-terrorism have also been established.http://www2.hci.edu.sg/y08hci0118/DtoD/terrorism_asean/index.htmlIn addition, some ASEAN member countries have entered into bilateral cooperation arrangements with other countries outside the ASEAN region to enhance their capability in counter-terrorism. Malaysia and the U.S.A., for example, have established the Regional Counter-terrorism Center in November 2002 in Kuala Lumpur. Indonesia and Australia have formed the joint task force to investigate the Bali terrorist bomb blasts.

Asean has pledged to enhance information and intelligence on terrorist and terrorist activities.http://www.slideshare.net/missfateha/ss-terrorism-chapterUNThe UN set up the CTC to monitor member countries' adherence to the resolutions as well as provide technical assistance to countries that need help in implementing these resolutions. http://www.slideshare.net/missfateha/ss-terrorism-chapter